Windmill



(ModeL) r 4Sheebs-Sheet 1.

A. s. BAKER.

. Windmill. No. 235,194. Patented Dec. 7, I880.

W IIOT fivenrzorl 15 42 zzy 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Patented Dec. 7, 1880.

A. S. BAKER Windmill. No. 235,194.

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(ModeL) A. S. BAKER. 4Sheets-Sheet 4. Windmill.

Patented Dec. 7, I880.

----l I v PETERS. PHOTD-LITHOGRLPHER. WASHINGTON D C PATENT FFICE.

ALLEN S. BAKER, OF EVANSVILLE, WISCONSIN.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 235,194, dated December 7, 1880.

- Application filed March 6, 1880. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALLEN S. BAKER, of Evansville, in the county of Rock and State of Wisconsin, have in vented certain new and 5 useful Improvements in Windmills, of which tle following is a specification.

The object I have in view is to produce a windmill of the kind having pivoted vane-sections, which will have a light and strong windwheel, will have simple and efficient devices for producing the automatic movement of the sections and for turning them out of the wind by hand, that will not spring the section. will be provided with a shipper-sleeve and connections that can be removed without taki 1g off the wind-wheel ordisturbing the cran x, will have an easy-workin g and simple conn =ction of the shipper sleeve and rods, and will iurther be provided with a steady turntable, which will be mounted to revolve with the minimum amount of friction.

My invention therein consists in the several peculiar devices for accomplishing these objects, as fully hereinafter explained, and pointed out by the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part h. eof, Figure l is an elevation of the rear side of the windmill with the wheel partly broken away and the lower part of the tower in perspective; Fig. 2, an elevation of the face of the wind-wheel, the sections being turned partly out of the wind; Fig. 3, a vertical section of te windmill and the upper part of the tower; Fig. 4, a top view of the windmill with the wheel-arms and vane-sections removed; Fig. 5, a section of the turn-table and tower-casting, showing the crank-connections; Fig. 6, a separate perspective view of the universal joint for coupling the sections; Fig. 7, a central section of the same 5 Fig.8, a section of the shipper-sleeve and a plan view of the lower half of the shipper-collar; and Fig. 9, a vertic,l section through one side of the turn=tableand tower-castin g, showing the antifriction rollers.

Like letters denote corresponding parts in all the figures.

A is the wind wheel, which, in the mill shown, stands behind the tower, since the windmill is not provided with a tail-vane.

The wheel is constructed of a number of arms, B, of wood, secured at their inner endsto metallic spider or hub arms B. The arms B are inclined away from the wind, for a purpose which will be mentioned farther on.

Between the wheel-arms B are situated the vane-sections O,which have cross-bars a, connected together and to the wheel-arms at their ends by universal joints D. To assure the uniform movement of the sections when they are turning in and out of the wind, and to limit this movement, I make thesejoints of peculiar construction.

To one end of each bar a is secured an an gular corner-plate, b, from which project two 6 curved arms, 0 c, forming a curved fork. These arms haveinwardly-turned ends, which set in sockets (1 in the flange of a circular cup-shaped plate, (I. From the end of the adjoining bar a project similar arms 0 c, with 0 ends setting in the sockets of a plate, d, placed against the plate (I. The meeting flanges of the plates close the open sides of the sockets. The lower arms, 0', of each joint or coupling are longer than the upper arms, c, and lap past each other, as shown, being bent laterally outward in opposite directions, so as to avoid each other. Through the center of the plates at d is passed a bolt, 0, pivoted atits outer end to the end of a curved 8o arm, E, which is bolted to the wheel-arm. The other end of the bolt 6 is secured by a screwblock, f, with a small ball-arm, F. The plates d d turn in contact with each other on the bolts e, and the forks rock on the plates, so that the pivotal movement in unison of the sections is secured. The ball-arms F, by the centrifugal force, move the sections more or less in and out of the wind when the wheel is in motion, and, being secured to the couplings 0 which connect the sections together, they act uniformly upon all the sections. The joints, besides connecting the sections together, join them to the outer ends of the wheel-arms, and these wheel-arms being set at an angle, as before stated, a truss-wheel is formed, which can be made very light, and yet be sufficiently strong to withstand heavy winds. The coupling together of the cross-bars a of the sections makes a continuous rim around the ends of the inclined wheel-arms, which completes the truss. When the sections are turned wholly out of the wind the ends of the arms l strike the plates 11 and prevent thet'urthcr movement of the sections.

The shaft (l of the wind-wheel is mounted in the usual sleeve-bearing (l. Upon this tubular bearing is secured the shipper-sleeve. H, made in two halves bolted together and sliding upon such bearing. This sleeve has a number of lugs, between which are pivoted arms 9, extending to the inner ends of swing ing links h, which links, at their outer ends, are pivoted in straps h, secured around the wheel and spider arms. The same bolts that pivot the arms 7 to the links it pass through the lower ends of the shipper-rods i, which .extend to the coupling-blocks f, where their turned ends enter the outerone ot'the two holes ff made through the ends of such blocks.

The sliding of the shipper-sleeve on thebearing G swings the links I: and gives the reciprocating movement to the shipper-rods with less friction than by the means heretofore employed.

When the sections are thrown entirely out of the wind the arms 9 and shipper-rods i will be in straight lines with each other, making a rigid brace-connection with the vane-sections, which cannot be injured by the force of the wiud,aswhen bell-cranks are used. A greater leverage is also obtained to draw the sections into the wind.

The sections being coupled to move to gether. and the shipper-rods being connected with the joints, it is only necessary that every other joint should have a shipper-connection; but more or less may be used.

The shipper-rods acting on the joints and at the ends of the wheel-arms, the strain is taken by the wheel-arms, and the sections are not sprung, as in the windmills of this class heretofore made, having the shipper-rods connected with the center of the bars a of the sections.

Over the shipper-sleeve II is secured the collar I, also made in two halves, bolted to gether by flanges, as shown. By constructing the shipper-sleeve and collar in halves they can be taken ofi'and theirconnections removed without removing the wind-wheel or crank.

The flanges ot' the collar I are provided with grooves k k, at right angles to each other, to secure, by bolting the flanges together, the turned ends of the rods I I, such rods extending to a yoke, m, secured to the upper end of a weighted arm, K, which is pivoted to the turn-table opposite to the bearing 0. The weight of the arm K is adjustable, and such arm serves to turn the sections into the wind against the centrifugal action of the ball arms F.

To the upper end of the arm K is secured a small wire rope, extending down through the towercasting, by which the sections are thrown entirely out of the wind when it is desired to stop the mill.

The turn-table L is composed of upper and lower inwardly-extending flanges, n n, and an intermediate ring, n cast with one of the flanges, the whole being bolted together.

The tower-casting, M, has an outwardly turned flange, 0, at its upper edge. Two loose rings, 1) 1), each carrying a number of anti-friction rollers, 11 are placed one above and one below the flange o of the tower-casting, and between the same and the flanges n u of the turn-table. By these means a strong, steady, and easy moving turn table is produced.

The crank of the wind-wheel shaft is connected to devices (shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5 of the drawings) for transmitting the rotary movement of such shaft to a shaft at the base of the tower without the use of gear-wheels, which devices, however, I propose to make the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent.

What I claim as my invention is-- 1. In a windmill, the vanesect-ions (J, cou pled together at their pivotal points, so as to move in unison, substantially as described.

2. In a windmill, the combination, with the vane-sections coupled together at their pivotal points, of the shipper-rods connected with the couplings of the sections, substantially as described.

3. In a windmill, the combination, with the vane-sections coupled together at their pivotal points, of the ball-arms connected with the couplings of the sections, substantially as described.

4. In a windmill, the universal joints 1), connecting the sections and pivoted to the wheel-arms, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a windmill, the combination, with the vane sections and the wheel-arms, of the universal joints D, connecting the sections and pivoted to the wheel-arms, and stops for limiting the movement of the sections, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

(5. The universal joint D, having plates dd, turning on each other, and the forked arms a c, pivoted to such plates and secured to the bars to be coupled together, substantially as described and shown.

7. The universal joint D, composed of turnin g plates (1 (1', and the forked arms 0 c, pivoted to such plates, in combination with the arm E, to which the joint is pivoted, for supporting the joint, substantially as described and shown.

8. The universal joint D, composed of turning plates d d, and the forked arms 0 c, pivoted to such plates, in combination with the supporting arm E, to which the joint is pivoted, and the ball-arm F, attached to the joint, substantially as described and shown.

9. In a windmill, the combination of the wheel arms, set at an angle, with the pivoted sections coupled together and to such arms, and forming a continuous rim around the ends of the inclined wheel-arms for trussing the wheel, substantially as described and shown.

10. In a Windmill, the combination, with the weighted lever K, of the collar I, made in two parts, and the rods 1, connecting the lever with the collar and clamped between the bolted flanges of the collar, substantially as described and shown.

11. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower-casting having an outwardly turned flange, and the turn-table having inwardly-extending flanges, both above and below the flange of the tower-casting, of loose anti-friction rollers p situated both above and below the flange of the tower-castin g, and between the same and the flanges of the turn-table, and

not connected with any of such flanges, sub- 15 stantially as described and shown.

12. In awindmill, the combination, with the tower-casting M, having flange o, of the turntable L, provided with flanges n n, and the loose rings 10 19, carrying anti-friction rollers 20 p and placed above and below the flange of the tower-casting, substantially as described and shown.

ALLEN S. BAKER.

Witnesses:

GEO. L. PULLEN, FRED. H. WINsToN. 

